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PROOF · DEMO-FIVE-ARTICLES · v1

If five articles publish the same flood photograph, does that count as five independent confirmations of the event location?

Hash de658ff2b2ff2663d8035169dab026ec0d583863be5f52335c9ba7edb209142a · DEMO · visibility public

DEMO · DEMONSTRATION — not a customer case study · v1 · PUBLIC · HASH de658ff2b2ff2663…

QUESTION

If five articles publish the same flood photograph, does that count as five independent confirmations of the event location?

CONTRADICTEDEngine: CONTRADICTED

CONTRADICTED. Independence is counted by origin, not by URL count. In the Dharali/Nepal demonstration, AFP traces the still to one Reuters Connect visual family. Five republications remain one branch.

This is the lineage signature of Proof of Evidence. The Dharali case is the worked example. Copies are recorded; they are not additional evidence.

ESTABLISHED

  • AFP traces the viral still used as 'Nepal 2026' to a 2025 Reuters Connect / AccuWeather Dharali visual.

SUPPORTED

None.

CONTRADICTED

  • Five articles running the same flood photograph are five independent confirmations of the claimed location.

UNKNOWN

  • A complete share-graph of every republication — not reconstructed.

EVIDENCE REQUIREMENTS

  • R1 · Original / earliest known source · ADDRESSED

    Later republications are not independent. Addressed in this demonstration from cited public records.

  • R2 · Location evidence · ADDRESSED

    Claimed place must be independently checkable. Addressed in this demonstration from cited public records.

  • R3 · Date/time evidence · ADDRESSED

    Old media reposted as current is a common failure. Addressed in this demonstration from cited public records.

  • R4 · Media provenance · ADDRESSED

    Capture device, upload path, credentials if any. Addressed in this demonstration from cited public records.

  • R5 · Independent corroboration · ADDRESSED

    A second independence group, not a reprint. Addressed in this demonstration from cited public records.

  • R6 · Manipulation analysis · ADDRESSED

    Indicators only — not a fake/real verdict. Addressed in this demonstration from cited public records.

PRIMARY EVIDENCE CARDS

EV1 · CONTRADICTS

One visual origin reused across later posts.

WHO
AFP Fact Check citing Reuters Connect
WHERE
Public web page
WHEN
Retrieved 2026-09-02
HOW
Lineage read from the fact-check.

Provenance: Publisher page.

Unknown: Full republication graph.

Group factcheck.afp.com · SECONDARY

EVIDENCE GRAPH

Relational view. Derived items that share an origin are one independence group.

Requirements

  • R1 Original / earliest known sourceCOVERED
  • R2 Location evidenceCOVERED
  • R3 Date/time evidenceCOVERED
  • R4 Media provenanceCOVERED
  • R5 Independent corroborationCOVERED
  • R6 Manipulation analysisCOVERED

Evidence

  • One visual origin reused across later posts.CONTRADICTS
    factcheck.afp.com

Sources

  • Image of India disaster misrepresented as glacial floods at Nepal-Tibet borderSECONDARY
    factcheck.afp.com
  • DERIVED_FROM · L-wire → L-a · outlet-a.example
  • DERIVED_FROM · L-wire → L-b · outlet-b.example
  • DERIVED_FROM · L-wire → L-c · outlet-c.example
  • DERIVED_FROM · L-wire → L-d · outlet-d.example
  • DERIVED_FROM · L-wire → L-e · outlet-e.example

INDEPENDENT CORROBORATION

  • Independent support branches: 0
  • Independent contradict branches: 1
  • Engine: At least one independent contradicting branch; no independent support remains.

LINEAGE

  • L-wire · reuters.com
  • L-a ← L-wire · outlet-a.example
  • L-b ← L-wire · outlet-b.example
  • L-c ← L-wire · outlet-c.example
  • L-d ← L-wire · outlet-d.example
  • L-e ← L-wire · outlet-e.example

CONFLICTING

  • Republication volume is not independence.

MISSING EVIDENCE

  • Outlet-by-outlet archive

    Why: Would illustrate the copies.

    How to obtain: Collect canonical URLs; mark derivedFrom the wire.

WHAT WOULD CHANGE THIS FINDING

  • Five articles each based on a different primary visual or on-the-ground observation of the same claimed place/time.

CHALLENGES

  • NONE_FILED: Demonstration compile. Challenge this finding is open.

TIMELINE

  • 2026-09-02T00:00:00.000Z — Demonstration report compiled from cited public records.
  • 2026-09-02T00:00:00.000Z — evaluateCase run on recorded facts. No silent rewrite.

LIMITATIONS

  • DEMONSTRATION. Outlet names A–E are schematic derived nodes, not invented news brands making invented claims.

METHODOLOGY

Duplios Proof of Evidence Standard v0.1 (Duplios methodology — not an ISO, accredited, or industry-consensus standard). A question is decomposed into evidence requirements. Sources are recorded with independence groups and lineage. Copies that share an origin are one confirmation. Contradiction is searched, not assumed absent. AI output, detector scores, missing EXIF, and missing C2PA credentials are evidence or absences — not truth. evaluateCase returns SUPPORTED, CONTRADICTED, INSUFFICIENT_EVIDENCE, or HUMAN_REVIEW_REQUIRED. UNKNOWN stays UNKNOWN. A report hash identifies the bytes of this version; it does not prove the finding is true.

AUDIT TRAIL

  • standard=0.1.0
  • evaluateCase.state=CONTRADICTED
  • public.state=CONTRADICTED
  • no_automatic_network_fetch_at_runtime
  • demonstration_not_customer_case_study
  • sha256=de658ff2b2ff2663d8035169dab026ec0d583863be5f52335c9ba7edb209142a

SOURCES

ID DEMO-FIVE-ARTICLES · created 2026-09-02T00:00:00.000Z · requestor Public demonstration — not a customer case · confidentiality PUBLIC_DEMONSTRATION

A report hash identifies this version's bytes. It does not prove the finding is true. Corrections append a version. Silent rewrite is forbidden.

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